Description
A lot is written these days about the loss of faith in human reason. It is, after all, human reason that confronted humanity with such social ideals, and such unrealistic ways of achieving them, that the world is now on the brink of a global catastrophe literally threatening the end of history. On the one hand, this nihilistic view of reason, several times manifested in classical philosophy, has discredited all rationally based plans for the reform of society. Yet at the same time it has reinforced in science and philosophy a view of the unconscious as a constructive force, an antithesis to rationality, such that this is nowadays identified with a new form of scientific rationality no longer accommodating the generality of human ideas about life in all its fullness. This loss of reason has caused our disorientation in the world, in which rational and irrational, good and evil, truth and falsehood are easily converted back and forth. At the same time, philosophical discussions on the status, functions and limitations of reason have led to a recognition of the historical significance of reason, to the revelation of various forms and historical types of rationality, and to an attempt to formulate a new conception of Reason.
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